02 September 2010

The Institute of Economic Affairs’ Shadow Monetary Policy Committee
What is the SMPC?
The inaugural meeting of the SMPC was held in July 1997, immediately after the Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee was established and the Committee has met regularly since then. As well as monthly meetings at the IEA, electronic meeting are held once a month. The decisions and minutes of the SMPC are published a few days before the Bank of England’s own interest rate decision each month. The SMPC’s deliberations are covered regularly in The Sunday Times and The Business and other leading newspapers.
SMPC membership
Chairman: David B. Smith, Visiting Professor, University of Derby.
Secretary: Professor Kent Matthews, Julian Hodge Professor of Money and Banking, Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University.
IEA representative: Professor Philip Booth, Editorial and Programme Director, IEA and Professor of Insurance and Risk Management at Cass Business School.
Other current members of the Committee are: Professor Patrick Minford (Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University); Professor Tim Congdon (Visiting Fellow, London School of Economics); Professor Gordon Pepper (Lombard Street Research and Cass Business School); Dr Peter Warburton (Economic Perspectives Ltd); Professor Roger Bootle (Deloitte and Capital Economics Ltd); John Greenwood (AMVESCAP); Professor Peter Spencer (University of York); Dr Andrew Lilico (Europe Economics); Dr Ruth Lea (Director, Centre for Policy Studies and Non-Executive Director, Arbuthnot Banking Group) and Trevor Williams (Lloyds TSB).
Most members are available for press comment and media appearances, subject to other commitments. Please contact Ruth Porter, telephone 0207 799 8920 if you would like comment from an SMPC member. Brief biographies of a number of the members appear below:
Philip Booth is Editorial and Programme Director at the Institute of Economic Affairs and Professor of Insurance and Risk Management at Cass Business School. Previously, Philip Booth worked for the Bank of England as an advisor on financial stability issues. He has written widely, including a number of books, on investment, finance, social insurance and pensions as well as on the relationship between Catholic social teaching and economics. He is editor of Economic Affairs and Associate Editor of the Annals of Actuarial Science and the British Actuarial Journal.
Roger Bootle, one of the City of London’s best-known economists, runs the consultancy, Capital Economics, which specialises in macroeconomics and the economics of the property market. He is also Economic Adviser to Deloitte, a Specialist Adviser to the House of Commons Treasury Committee and an Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Actuaries. He was formerly Group Chief Economist of HSBC and, under the previous Conservative government, he was appointed one of the Chancellor’s panel of Independent Economic Advisers. He has written many articles and several books on monetary economics. He is also a regular columnist for The Daily Telegraph and appears frequently on television and radio.
Tim Congdon CBE was a member of the Treasury Panel of Independent Forecasters (the so-called “wise men”) between 1992 and 1997, which advised the Chancellor of the Exchequer on economic policy. He founded Lombard Street Research, one of the City of London’s leading economic research consultancies, in 1989, and was its Managing Director from 1989 to 2001 and its Chief Economist from 2001 to 2005. He is currently a Visiting Research Fellow at the London School of Economics. He has published widely on monetary policy. He is currently writing another book on Money in a Modern Economy.
John Greenwood OBE is Chief Economist of INVESCO plc. A graduate of Edinburgh University, he did economic research at Tokyo University and was a visiting research fellow at the Bank of Japan (1970-74). From 1974 he was Chief Economist with GT Management plc. As editor of Asian Monetary Monitor he proposed a currency board scheme for stabilizing the Hong Kong dollar in 1983 that is still in operation today. He has been a member of the Committee on Currency Board Operations of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority since 1998.
Ruth Lea is currently Economic Adviser and Director of Arbuthnot Banking Group and Director of Global Vision. She is also a Governor of the London School of Economics. Ruth is the author of many papers on economic matters and writes regularly for the press. She was Director of the Centre for Policy Studies between 2004 and 2007 and Head of the Policy Unit at the Institute of Directors (IoD) between 1995 and 2003. Prior to the IoD, she was the Economics Editor at ITN. And prior to ITN, she worked in the City for six years. Prior to joining Mitsubishi Bank in 1988, she spent sixteen years in the Civil Service in the Treasury, the Department of Trade and Industry, the Central Statistical Office and the Civil Service College.
Andrew Lilico is the Managing Director of Europe Economics, an economics consultancy. His key relevant expertises are in: the design of monetary policy frameworks, particularly inflation targeting and price-level targeting (including a number of published articles and projects conducted in emerging markets); cost of capital analysis (particularly in economic regulation); housing market analysis (including projects for the UK government); and the impact of financial regulation (including projects for the European Commission, European Parliament, and Financial Services authority, particularly concerning the impact of EU regulation).
Kent Matthews is the Sir Julian Hodge Professor of Banking and Finance at Cardiff University. He is a graduate of the London School of Economics, Birkbeck and Liverpool University. He has held research posts at the LSE, National Institute of Economic & Social Research and Bank of England. He has held permanent and visiting academic appointments at Liverpool University, University of Leuven, University of Western Ontario, Liverpool John Moores University, Humbolt University Berlin and Cardiff University. He was Principal Economic Forecaster for the Liverpool Macroeconomic Research Group 1979-89 and UK Economist at Lombard Street Research Ltd 1994-95. He has been the Secretary of the SMPC since its establishment.
Patrick Minford CBE has been Professor of Economics, Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University since October 1997. Between 1967 and 1976 he held economic positions in the Ministry of Finance, Malawi; Directors' staff, Courtaulds Limited; H M Treasury; H M Treasury's Delegation to Washington, DC; Manchester University; The National Institute for Economic and Social Research. From 1976-1997, Patrick Minford was professor of economics at Liverpool University. He was a member of Monopolies and Mergers Commission 1990-96 and one of the H M Treasury's Panel of Forecasters ('Six Wise Men') 1993-1996. He is author of many books and articles on exchange rates, unemployment, housing and macroeconomics.
David B. Smith studied at Trinity College, Cambridge and the University of Essex. During his subsequent career, he has been employed at the Bank of England, the Royal Bank of Scotland, National Westminster Bank, Cambridge Econometrics, London Business School and the London stockbrokers Williams de Broë plc, where he worked as Chief Economist from 1982 to 2006. David is currently a Visiting Professor in Business and Economic Forecasting at the University of Derby, Chairman of the SMPC, and an occasional lecturer at the Cardiff University Business School. He is perhaps best known for his macroeconomic model of the international and UK economies, which is now maintained at his consultancy Beacon Economic Forecasting, and has existed since the early 1980s. This topped the Sunday Times league table of forecasting accuracy for 2006 and came in a respectable fourth (equals) in 2007.
Peter Spencer is the Professor of Economics and Finance at the University of York and an Economic Adviser to the Ernst & Young ITEM Forecasting Club. He started his career as an economic adviser at HM Treasury in 1975, developing the monetary sector of the forecasting model, before joining the economic forecasting team. He left the Treasury in 1986 to join Credit Suisse First Boston and spent ten years working in the City, finally as Group Chief Economist at Dresdner Kleinwort Benson. He moved into the academic world in 1996 accepting a part-time Chair at Birkbeck College, London. Peter publishes regularly in leading business and economics journals and has written two books on monetary policy and financial regulation, published by Oxford University Press.
Dr Peter Warburton is director of Economic Perspectives Ltd, a consultancy, and managing director of Halkin Services Ltd, an international risk analysis service. He is economic advisor to Ruffer LLP, an investment management company. He spent fifteen years in the City as economic advisor and UK economist for the investment bank Robert Fleming and at Lehman Brothers. Previously, he was an economic researcher, forecaster and lecturer at the London Business School and what is now the Cass Business School. He published Debt and Delusion in 1999 and edited the IEA Yearbook of Government Economic Performance 2002/03. He is a contributor to the Practical History of Financial Markets course run by the Stewart Ivory Foundation at Edinburgh Business School and teaches occasionally at Cardiff Business School.
Trevor Williams is Chief Economist at Lloyds TSB Corporate Markets. He joined Lloyds bank from the UK civil service where he worked in an economic role after being offered a position whilst studying for a PhD and lecturing part time. Trevor has a BA honours degree and a Masters in Economics. He also writes for various Lloyds TSB publications and for other outlets including Moneyfacts, City AM, the Express newspaper, Real Finance and trade journals. Trevor regularly appears on radio and TV to represent the economic views of Lloyds TSB Corporate Markets, and to provide analysis on current economic issues.
Minutes
SMPC minutes are distributed by the IEA and Lombard Street Research and are posted monthly on the IEA website.
Other IEA Work on Monetary Policy
The IEA has contributed to the debate on macro-economic and monetary policy since its inception. Other IEA publications on monetary policy can be found by searching the website by issue or from the IEA publications(e.g. Were 364 Economists All Wrong? or Money and Asset Prices in Boom and Bust) and recommended books(e.g. Issues in Monetary Policy: the relationship between money and financial markets)sections of the website.
last twelve months
SMPC voted by seven votes to two to leave Bank Rate unchanged - August 201002 August 2010 Particular concern was expressed about the outlook for the US economy in 2011 |
SMPC votes seven/two to hold Bank Rate - July 201007 July 2010 Members concerned about aspects of the emergency budget |
SMPC rejects rise in interest rates by narrow majority - June 201008 June 2010 SMPC votes five to four to leave interest rates unchanged |
SMPC split on next move for interest rates - May 201004 May 2010 SMPC also worried about fiscal crisis - members call for a new Medium Term Financial Strategy |
SMPC vote to maintain interest rates at 0.5% - April 201008 April 2010 SMPC split on approach to QE but want interest rates to stay at 0.5% |
SMPC split on both QE and interest rates - March 201002 March 2010 SMPC votes six to three against an increase in interest rates against grim fiscal background |
SMPC split on continuation of QE - Februrary 201002 February 2010 SMPC divided on QE but united in serious concerns about government fiscal policy. |
SMPC members warn of excessive bank regulation and rising government spending - January 201004 January 2010 Bank capital regulations may blunt QE |
SMPC members warn of monetary policy dangers - December 200908 December 2009 SMPC members want to continue QE but warn of serious problems |
Continue QE argue SMPC majority - November 200903 November 2009 Majority vote for QE extension but reservations expressed by some members |
'Wait and see' argue SMPC majority - October 200905 October 2009 SMPC majority argue for continued low interest and for QE to continue |
Hold bank rate and expand QE argue SMPC - September 200907 September 2009 No major change to current policy required |
catch up
SMPC supports continuation of quantitative easing - August 200903 August 2009 Bank rate should be held at 0.5% |
SMPC supports continued quantitative easing - July 200901 July 2009 Keep bank rate the same and continue with QE, argue SMPC |
SMPC supports Bank policy but members express concern about long run - June 200902 June 2009 QE welcomed, but not without reservation |
SMPC supports quantitative easing but sends warning to the Bank of England - May 200904 May 2009 SMPC members call upon Bank of England to explain its exit strategy |
SMPC votes for interest rates to remain unchanged - April 200905 April 2009 Quantitative easing should be pursued for now but should be rapidly unwound when necessary |
SMPC vote to hold interest rates - March 200904 March 2009 SMPC wish Bank of England to hold interest rates but pursue quantitative easing |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - February 200901 February 2009 SMPC votes to hold interest rates but supports measures to stop collapse of money stock |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - January 200905 January 2009 SMPC votes six to three to hold rates |
SMPC votes for 1% interest rate cut - December 200801 December 2008 SMPC votes for interest rates to be cut to 2% |
SMPC votes for 0.5% cut in interest rates - November 200802 November 2008 SMPC vote seven to two for an immediate cut and also support further easing of policy in the future |
SMPC votes to cut interest rates - October 200805 October 2008 SMPC changes direction to support interest rate cut by seven votes to two |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - September 200802 September 2008 SMPC believes that interest rates should be held for now but should be cut later |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - August 200803 August 2008 SMPC votes six to three to hold interest rates - but believes the Bank must be ready to cut in the future |
Bank of England should not raise interest rates argues Shadow Monetary Policy Committee - July 200807 July 2008 IEA's Shadow Monetary Policy Committee vote eight to one to hold interest rates |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - June 200801 June 2008 SMPC votes overwhelmingly against interest rate cut |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - May 200805 May 2008 SMPC members vote to hold rates by five votes to four |
SMPC votes for rate cut - April 200810 April 2008 SMPC members vote for a rate cut by six votes to three |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates03 March 2008 SMPC votes to hold interest rates by seven votes to two |
SMPC votes for rate cut - February 200804 February 2008 SMPC again votes for an interest rate cut by five votes to four |
SMPC votes for further interest rate reduction - January 200807 January 2008 SMPC votes for 0.25% interest rate reduction by five votes to four |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates05 January 2008 SMPC votes six to three against further interest rates cuts but supports other methods of monetary easing. |
SMPC votes for 0.25% rate cut but narrowly rejects 0.5% cut - December 200703 December 2007 SMPC votes for 0.25% rate cut by five votes to four |
SMPC votes unanimously to hold interest rates - November 200705 November 2007 SMPC votes to hold interest rates, amid current economic uncertainty |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - October 200701 October 2007 SMPC votes to hold interest rates by eight votes to one |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - September 200703 September 2007 At its latest meeting the IEA's Shadow Monetary Policy Committee voted eight to one to hold interest rates. One member wanted a 0.25% cut. |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates by a slim majority - 1st August 200701 August 2007 The SMPC voted by five votes to four to hold interest rates at their current level. |
SMPC votes to raise interest rates - July 200701 July 2007 SMPC votes to increase interest rates by 0.25% by eight votes to one. Most members believe that rates should rise further in forthcoming months |
SMPC votes to hold rates but with a bias to raise rates in the coming months - June 200704 June 2007 SMPC votes by five votes to four to hold interest rates for now |
SMPC votes to raise interest rates - 7th May 200709 May 2007 SMPC votes to raise interest rates by 0.25% by seven votes to two but rejects 0.5% increase |
SMPC votes to raise interest rates - 1st April 200703 April 2007 SMPC votes to raise interest rates by 0.25% by eight votes to one. Two members want 0.5% increase. |
SMPC votes to hold rates - 5th March 200705 March 2007 SMPC votes to hold rates but believes that rates will have to rise further in the coming months. |
SMPC votes narrowly to hold rates - 5th February 200705 February 2007 SMPC votes narrowly to hold rates now but expects to want rates to rise later in the year |
SMPC Votes to Raise Rates 5th January 200708 January 2007 IEA Shadow Monetary Policy Committee votes by five to four to raise rates now |
SMPC votes to hold interest rates - 4th December 200604 December 2006 SMPC agrees by seven votes to two to hold interest rates at 5% |
SMPC believes interest rates should rise - 5th November05 November 2006 SMPC votes seven to two to raise interest rates |
Shadow MPC votes for another rate increase - 1st October 200602 October 2006 SMPC votes by six votes to three to raise interest rates |
Shadow MPC votes to hold rates 3rd September 200605 September 2006 SMPC votes by six to three to hold interest rates |
Shadow MPC votes to raise interest rates 28th July 200631 July 2006 SMPC votes to raise interest rates by five votes to four |
Shadow MPC votes to keep interest rates unchanged 1st July 200603 July 2006 SMPC votes seven to two against an increase in interest rates |
Shadow MPC Votes to keep interest rates unchanged 5th June 200606 June 2006 SMPC Votes seven to two not to raise interest rates |
Shadow MPC Votes to keep interest rates unchanged 1st May 200601 May 2006 SMPC votes by seven to two not to cut interest rates |
Shadow MPC votes to keep interest rates unchanged 3rd April 200603 April 2006 SMPC voted by five votes to four not to reduce interest rates this month |
Shadow MPC votes to reduce interest rates06 March 2006 SMPC votes to lower interest rates by five votes to four |
Shadow MPC votes to keep rates the same - February 200606 February 2006 SMPC voted by six votes to three not to reduce interest rates this month |
Shadow MPC votes to hold rates - 9th January09 January 2006 SMPC voted by six to three not to raise rates this month |
Shadow MPC Votes to Hold Interest Rates - 4th December 200504 December 2005 SMPC voted seven to two not to increase interest rates this month |
Shadow MPC Votes to Hold Interest Rates - 4th November07 November 2005 SMPC votes seven to two to hold rates |
Shadow MPC Votes to Hold Interest Rates - 1st October 200503 October 2005 SMPC Votes six to three to hold rates |
Shadow MPC Votes to Hold Interest Rates - 5th September05 September 2005 SMPC votes six to three in favour of holding interest rates |
Shadow MPC votes to hold interest rates again01 August 2005 |
SMPC Votes to Hold Interest Rates Again30 April 2005 |
Shadow MPC Votes to hold interest rates07 February 2005 |
Shadow MPC Votes to Hold Interest Rates For Now01 November 2004 SMPC voted narrowly by five votes to four to hold interest rates at its October meeting |
Minutes of the July 2004 SMPC meeting27 July 2004 |
Shadow SMPC Meeting27 April 2004 |
Shadow MPC, 20th January 200420 January 2004 |
Shadow MPC, 28th October 200328 October 2003 |
Shadow MPC, 23rd July 200323 July 2003 |
Shadow MPC, 16th April 200316 April 2003 |
Shadow MPC, 16th January 200316 January 2003 |
Shadow MPC, 17th September 200217 October 2002 |
Shadow MPC, 18th July 200218 July 2002 |
Shadow MPC, 23rd April 200223 April 2002 |
Shadow SMPC, 17th January 200217 January 2002 |
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